Light rays enter your eyes, where they are transported to your brain for processing via the optic nerve. This is the process that allows you to see the world around you. Structural irregularities with the shape of your eyes can cause these light rays to bend in unusual ways, resulting in vision problems called refractive errors. Here, your expert optometrist from Opti-Care discusses the four types of refractive errrors.
1. Hyperopia (Farsightedness)
Hyperopia is caused by having a rigid cornea or a short eyeball, which causes light to settle at the back of the retina rather than directly upon it. This results in close-range vision problems, although your far-range vision typically remains clear. The condition is easily managed by wearing corrective eyewear such as contacts or eyeglasses. LASIK surgery is another effective option for many patients.
2. Myopia (Nearsightedness)
This common refractive error develops when you have an overly curved cornea or an elongated eyeball. These structural infirmities may result in light accumulation in front of the retina, making it difficult for you to see distant objects, while your close-range vision remains intact. We may suggest wearing eyeglasses or contact lenses to correct the problem. If you are a candidate for LASIK, we can provide pre-operative and post-operative assistance.
3. Presbyopia
Increasing age may lead to structural irregularities with your eyes. Your lenses may become rigid, causing problems with your light-focusing abilities. You may experience difficulties carrying out close-range activities when this happens. We typically recommend wearing multifocal or progressive eyewear, which contain multiple lens powers to help you see clearly at varying distances.
4. Astigmatism
Distant and nearby objects may appear blurry when your lens or cornea develops shape or surface changes. They may prevent the received light from properly focusing on the retina. Your reliable eye doctor may prescribe toric lenses, which feature a sliced donut shape that allows you to see clearly at different refractive levels.
For more information about refractive errors, call us at (410) 600-3173. We serve Ellicott City, Eldersburg, and Westminster, MD.